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Fatimid troops leaving the fortress to attack crusaders Paper fragment from Frustat; 12th CE.
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Fatimid troops leaving the fortress to attack crusaders Paper fragment from Fru...

Peter the Hermit shows the crusaders the way to Jerusalem during the first crusade. From the manuscript "Roman du Chevalier du Cygne". Peter the Hermit (died 1131) was a priest of Amiens, and a leader of the First Crusade. According to Anna Comnena, he attempted to go on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem before 1096, but was prevented by the Turks from reaching his destination. Illuminated manuscript on parchment; about 1270 Ms 3139 fol. 176v
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Peter the Hermit shows the crusaders the way to Jerusalem during the first crusa...

King Louis IX of France embarking for the last crusade in 1270. From the History of Saint Louis. Illuminated manuscript; 1280.
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King Louis IX of France embarking for the last crusade in 1270. From the History...

The capture of Jerusalem by Saladin on October 2, 1187 which caused the Third Crusade (1189-92). Balian of Ibelin surrenders and hands over the keys to the Tower of David to Saladin. From the chronicle of David Aubert. Illuminated manuscript; 15th century.
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The capture of Jerusalem by Saladin on October 2, 1187 which caused the Third Cr...

The defeat of Saladin and his troops by the Christian crusaders during the Third Crusade (1189-92). From the chronicle of David Aubert. Illuminated manuscript; 15th century.
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The defeat of Saladin and his troops by the Christian crusaders during the Third...

King Richard I Lionheart (1157-1199) embarks on the Third Crusade (1191). From the chronicle of David Aubert. Illuminated manuscript; 15th century.
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King Richard I Lionheart (1157-1199) embarks on the Third Crusade (1191). From t...

King Richard I Lionheart (1157-1199) watches Muslim prisoners being beheaded after the capture of Acre in 1189. When it became apparent that Saladin was not willing to pay the terms of the treaty at Acre, Richard had more than 3.000 Muslim prisoners executed on August 20 outside of Acre in full view of Saladin's camp. From Sebastien Mamerot's "Les Passages d'outremer faits par les Français contre les Turcs depuis Charlemagne jusqu'en 1462". Illuminated manuscript on parchment (287 sheets, 32x23 cm). Bourges, France; 1474-1475.
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King Richard I Lionheart (1157-1199) watches Muslim prisoners being beheaded aft...

The siege of Ascalon by King Baldwin III of Jerusalem (1130-1162) in 1153 during the Second Crusade. From Sebastien Mamerot's "Les Passages d'outremer faits par les Français contre les Turcs depuis Charlemagne jusqu'en 1462". Illuminated manuscript on parchment (287 sheets, 32x23 cm). Bourges, France; 1474-1475.
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The siege of Ascalon by King Baldwin III of Jerusalem (1130-1162) in 1153 during...

Crusaders at Damietta during the Fifth Crusade (1217–21). Damietta, in Egypt, was captured during the Fifth Crusade, but the crusaders did not hold it for long. They eventually abandoned the town in exchange for a truce. Vincent de Beauvais,"Le Miroir Historial". France; 15th century.
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Crusaders at Damietta during the Fifth Crusade (1217–21). Damietta, in Egypt, w...

Saladin, Sultan of Egypt (1137/38-1193). Oil on Wood, 16th century. Inv. 1890 n.15 Saladin was a Kurdish Muslim, who became the first Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt and Syria. He led Islamic opposition to the Franks and other European Crusaders in the Levant. At the height of his power, he ruled over Egypt, Syria, Mesopotamia, Hejaz, and Yemen. He led the Muslims against the Crusaders and eventually recaptured Palestine from the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem after his victory in the Battle of Hattin. As such, he is a notable figure in Kurdish, Arab, and Muslim culture.
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Saladin, Sultan of Egypt (1137/38-1193). Oil on Wood, 16th century. Inv. 1890...

Crusaders' Castle on Coral Island erected by Emperor Balduin in order to protect the way to Mekka and Arabia. Gulf of Elath
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Crusaders' Castle on Coral Island erected by Emperor Baldu...

Crusaders' Castle on Coral Island erected by Emperor Balduin in order to protect the way to Mekka and Arabia. Gulf of Elath
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Crusaders' Castle on Coral Island erected by Emperor Baldu...